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292
dependencies/libarchive-3.4.2/doc/wiki/ManPageMtree5.wiki
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dependencies/libarchive-3.4.2/doc/wiki/ManPageMtree5.wiki
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MTREE(5) manual page
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== NAME ==
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'''mtree'''
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- format of mtree dir hierarchy files
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== DESCRIPTION ==
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The
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'''mtree'''
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format is a textual format that describes a collection of filesystem objects.
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Such files are typically used to create or verify directory hierarchies.
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=== General Format===
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An
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'''mtree'''
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file consists of a series of lines, each providing information
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about a single filesystem object.
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Leading whitespace is always ignored.
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When encoding file or pathnames, any backslash character or
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character outside of the 95 printable ASCII characters must be
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encoded as a backslash followed by three
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octal digits.
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When reading mtree files, any appearance of a backslash
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followed by three octal digits should be converted into the
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corresponding character.
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Each line is interpreted independently as one of the following types:
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<dl>
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<dt>Blank</dt><dd>
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Blank lines are ignored.
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</dd><dt>Comment</dt><dd>
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Lines beginning with
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'''#'''
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are ignored.
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</dd><dt>Special</dt><dd>
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Lines beginning with
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'''/'''
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are special commands that influence
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the interpretation of later lines.
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</dd><dt>Relative</dt><dd>
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If the first whitespace-delimited word has no
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'''/'''
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characters,
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it is the name of a file in the current directory.
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Any relative entry that describes a directory changes the
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current directory.
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</dd><dt>dot-dot</dt><dd>
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As a special case, a relative entry with the filename
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''..''
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changes the current directory to the parent directory.
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Options on dot-dot entries are always ignored.
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</dd><dt>Full</dt><dd>
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If the first whitespace-delimited word has a
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'''/'''
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character after
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the first character, it is the pathname of a file relative to the
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starting directory.
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There can be multiple full entries describing the same file.
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</dd></dl>
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Some tools that process
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'''mtree'''
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files may require that multiple lines describing the same file
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occur consecutively.
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It is not permitted for the same file to be mentioned using
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both a relative and a full file specification.
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=== Special commands===
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Two special commands are currently defined:
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<dl>
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<dt>'''/set'''</dt><dd>
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This command defines default values for one or more keywords.
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It is followed on the same line by one or more whitespace-separated
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keyword definitions.
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These definitions apply to all following files that do not specify
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a value for that keyword.
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</dd><dt>'''/unset'''</dt><dd>
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This command removes any default value set by a previous
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'''/set'''
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command.
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It is followed on the same line by one or more keywords
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separated by whitespace.
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</dd></dl>
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=== Keywords===
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After the filename, a full or relative entry consists of zero
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or more whitespace-separated keyword definitions.
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Each such definition consists of a key from the following
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list immediately followed by an '=' sign
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and a value.
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Software programs reading mtree files should warn about
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unrecognized keywords.
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Currently supported keywords are as follows:
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<dl>
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<dt>'''cksum'''</dt><dd>
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The checksum of the file using the default algorithm specified by
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the
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[[cksum(1)|http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cksum&sektion=1]]
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utility.
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</dd><dt>'''device'''</dt><dd>
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The device number for
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.B block
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or
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.B char
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file types.
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The value must be one of the following forms:
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<dl>
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<dt>''format'',''major'',''minor''Bo,''subunit'' Bc</dt><dd>
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A device with
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''major'', minor
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and optional
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''subunit''
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fields.
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Their meaning is specified by the operating's system
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''format''.
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See below for valid formats.
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</dd><dt>''number''</dt><dd>
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Opaque number (as stored on the file system).
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</dd></dl>
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The following values for
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''format''
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are recognized:
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.B native ,
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.B 386bsd ,
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.B 4bsd ,
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.B bsdos ,
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.B freebsd ,
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.B hpux ,
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.B isc ,
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.B linux ,
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.B netbsd ,
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.B osf1 ,
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.B sco ,
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.B solaris ,
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.B sunos ,
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.B svr3 ,
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.B svr4 ,
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and
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.B ultrix .
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See
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[[mknod(8)|http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mknod&sektion=8]]
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for more details.
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</dd><dt>'''contents'''</dt><dd>
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The full pathname of a file that holds the contents of this file.
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</dd><dt>'''flags'''</dt><dd>
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The file flags as a symbolic name.
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See
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[[chflags(1)|http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chflags&sektion=1]]
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for information on these names.
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If no flags are to be set the string
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"none"
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may be used to override the current default.
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</dd><dt>'''gid'''</dt><dd>
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The file group as a numeric value.
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</dd><dt>'''gname'''</dt><dd>
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The file group as a symbolic name.
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</dd><dt>'''ignore'''</dt><dd>
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Ignore any file hierarchy below this file.
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</dd><dt>'''inode'''</dt><dd>
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The inode number.
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</dd><dt>'''link'''</dt><dd>
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The target of the symbolic link when type=link.
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</dd><dt>'''md5'''</dt><dd>
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The MD5 message digest of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''md5digest'''</dt><dd>
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A synonym for
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'''md5'''.
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</dd><dt>'''mode'''</dt><dd>
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The current file's permissions as a numeric (octal) or symbolic
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value.
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</dd><dt>'''nlink'''</dt><dd>
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The number of hard links the file is expected to have.
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</dd><dt>'''nochange'''</dt><dd>
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Make sure this file or directory exists but otherwise ignore all attributes.
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</dd><dt>'''optional'''</dt><dd>
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The file is optional; do not complain about the file if it is not in
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the file hierarchy.
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</dd><dt>'''resdevice'''</dt><dd>
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The
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"resident"
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device number of the file, e.g. the ID of the device that
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contains the file.
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Its format is the same as the one for
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'''device'''.
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</dd><dt>'''ripemd160digest'''</dt><dd>
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The
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'''RIPEMD160'''
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message digest of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''rmd160'''</dt><dd>
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A synonym for
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'''ripemd160digest'''.
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</dd><dt>'''rmd160digest'''</dt><dd>
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A synonym for
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'''ripemd160digest'''.
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</dd><dt>'''sha1'''</dt><dd>
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The
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'''FIPS'''
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160-1
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("Tn SHA-1")
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message digest of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''sha1digest'''</dt><dd>
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A synonym for
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'''sha1'''.
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</dd><dt>'''sha256'''</dt><dd>
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The
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'''FIPS'''
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180-2
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("Tn SHA-256")
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message digest of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''sha256digest'''</dt><dd>
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A synonym for
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'''sha256'''.
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</dd><dt>'''sha384'''</dt><dd>
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The
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'''FIPS'''
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180-2
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("Tn SHA-384")
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message digest of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''sha384digest'''</dt><dd>
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A synonym for
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'''sha384'''.
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</dd><dt>'''sha512'''</dt><dd>
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The
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'''FIPS'''
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180-2
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("Tn SHA-512")
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message digest of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''sha512digest'''</dt><dd>
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A synonym for
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'''sha512'''.
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</dd><dt>'''size'''</dt><dd>
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The size, in bytes, of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''time'''</dt><dd>
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The last modification time of the file.
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</dd><dt>'''type'''</dt><dd>
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The type of the file; may be set to any one of the following:
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<dl>
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<dt>'''block'''</dt><dd>
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block special device
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</dd><dt>'''char'''</dt><dd>
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character special device
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</dd><dt>'''dir'''</dt><dd>
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directory
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</dd><dt>'''fifo'''</dt><dd>
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fifo
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</dd><dt>'''file'''</dt><dd>
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regular file
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</dd><dt>'''link'''</dt><dd>
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symbolic link
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</dd><dt>'''socket'''</dt><dd>
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socket
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</dd></dl>
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</dd><dt>'''uid'''</dt><dd>
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The file owner as a numeric value.
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</dd><dt>'''uname'''</dt><dd>
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The file owner as a symbolic name.
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</dd></dl>
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== SEE ALSO ==
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[[cksum(1)|http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cksum&sektion=1]],
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[[find(1)|http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=find&sektion=1]],
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[[mtree(8)|http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mtree&sektion=8]]
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== HISTORY ==
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The
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'''mtree'''
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utility appeared in
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BSD 4.3 Reno.
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The
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'''MD5'''
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digest capability was added in
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FreeBSD 2.1,
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in response to the widespread use of programs which can spoof
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[[cksum(1)|http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cksum&sektion=1]].
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The
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'''SHA-1'''
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and
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'''RIPEMD160'''
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digests were added in
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FreeBSD 4.0,
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as new attacks have demonstrated weaknesses in
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'''MD5 .'''
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The
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'''SHA-256'''
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digest was added in
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FreeBSD 6.0.
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Support for file flags was added in
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FreeBSD 4.0,
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and mostly comes from
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NetBSD.
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The
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"full"
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entry format was added by
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NetBSD.
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